UPC-A is the most widely used symbology in USA. It encodes 11 digits plus a checkdigit.
The first digit is the Number System.Followed by 5-digit Manufacturer Code, and another 5-digit Product Code and checkdigit.

UPC-E is a variation of UPC-A. It turns 10 digits Manufacturer Code and Product Code into 6-digit number.

EAN13 is used in Europe. The only difference between EAN13 and UPC-A is the Number System of EAN13 has 2 digits. Therefore, EAN13 encodes 12 digits plus a checkdigit.

EAN8 is a smaller sized version of EAN13. It encodes 8 digits into barcode.

JAN is actually EAN barcodes that use Number System of 49.

Bookland is actually a variation of EAN-13 barcode that use Number System 978. So Bookland always begins with "978", followed by 9 digits plus a checkdigit.